Anaerobic methane oxidation driven by microbial reduction of natural organic matter in a tropical wetland

"Wetlands constitute the main natural source of methane on Earth due to their high content of natural organic matter (NOM), but key drivers, such as electron acceptors, supporting methanotrophic activities in these habitats are poorly understood. We performed anoxic incubations using freshly collected sediment, along with water samples harvested from a tropical wetland, amended with C-13-methane (0.67 atm) to test the capacity of its microbial community to perform anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) linked to the reduction of the humic fraction of its NOM. Collected evidence demonstrates that electron-accepting functional groups (e.g., quinones) present in NOM fueled AOM by serving as a terminal electron acceptor. Indeed, while sulfate reduction was the predominant process, accounting for up to 42.5% of the AOM activities, the microbial reduction of NOM concomitantly occurred. Furthermore, enrichment of wetland sediment with external NOM provided a complementary electron-accepting capacity, of which reduction accounted for similar to 100 nmol (CH4)-C-13 oxidized center dot cm(3)center dot day(1). Spectroscopic evidence showed that quinone moieties were heterogeneously distributed in the wetland sediment, and their reduction occurred during the course of AOM. Moreover, an enrichment derived from wetland sediments performing AOM linked to NOM reduction stoichiometrically oxidized methane coupled to the reduction of the humic analogue anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate. Microbial populations potentially involved in AOM coupled to microbial reduction of NOM were dominated by divergent biota from putative AOM-associated archaea. We estimate that this microbial process potentially contributes to the suppression of up to 114 teragrams (Tg) of CH(4 center dot)year(-1) in coastal wetlands and more than 1,300 Tg center dot year(-1), considering the global wetland area.

pilotSTRATEGY project 2021-2026: “CO2 Geological Pilots in Strategic Territories”

[EN] The pilotSTRATEGY (2021-2026) is investigating geological CO2 storage sites in industrial regions to support development of large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS). It is focused on deep saline aquifers–porous rock formations filled with brine several kilometres below ground – which promise a large capacity for storing captured CO2. The goal of the characterisation is to assess the site’s containment, injectivity, capacity, integrity, hydrodynamics, and monitorability in order to ensure safe and permanent storage of CO2. PilotSTRATEGY covers the initial stages of project development up to the pre-final investment decision (pre-FID), regulatory approval and permitting of storage, and applied on selected structures of Paris Basin in France, the Lusitanian Basin in Portugal and the Ebro Basin in Spain, and in lower detail, in West Macedonia in Greece and Upper Silesia in Poland.The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme (10.1 million Euros, No. 101022664).Peer reviewe

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

ESTRATEGIA DIDÁCTICA PARA LA COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA EN EL PRIMER GRADO DE PRIMARIA DE UNA INSTITUCIÒN EDUACTIVA-DISTRITO DE LIMA

En un mundo cambiante con diversos acontecimientos de la sociedad actual, nuestra preocupación central es la búsqueda de estrategias, métodos y técnicas más efectivas para desarrollar competencias básicas en los estudiantes del nivel primario. En la Institución Educativa “Democracia y Libertad” Lima; 2019; emprendimos una investigación cuyo objetivo es determinar de qué manera las estrategias didácticas mejora la comprensión lectora en los alumnos de primer grado de educación primaria. La investigación es de enfoque cuantitativo, cuasi experimental, longitudinal y prospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 25 alumnos del primer grado de educación primaria. El método utilizado para el recojo de información fue la encuesta con su instrumento el cuestionario de 20 ítems. Los resultados de la hipótesis general según la prueba de U de Mann-Whitney el nivel de significancia Sig = 0,000 es menor que α =0,05 (p < α) y Z = -6,253 es menor que -1.96 (punto crítico) entre el grupo control y experimental según el post test en cálculo. Lo que significa, que se comprueba la hipótesis alterna y se rechaza la hipótesis nula y. Por lo tanto, se señala que: La estrategia didáctica mejora significativamente la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes del primer año de educación primaria de la I.E. “Democracia y Libertad” Lima; 2019

La esclavitud en el siglo XXI. Solidaridad y voluntariado

Convocatoria Proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2018/2019Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Zurbarán (Badajoz) en el que se reflexiona sobre las distintas formas de explotación que se dan en la sociedad actual y la respuesta que puede dar la solidaridad y el voluntariado a estas situaciones. El tema se aborda desde distintas áreas convirtiéndolo en un proyecto transversal. Los objetivos principales del proyecto fueron: conocer la realidad para crear una ciudadanía consciente, crítica y comprometida; fomentar la participación para crear iniciativas de cambio y alternativas para un mundo más justo e igualitario; desarrollar la empatía; favorecer el pensamiento crítico; mejorar la inteligencia emocional y social; fomentar el respeto a los demás valorando la identidad propia y posibilitar la transformación personalExtremaduraES

Prácticas educativas, pedagogía e interculturalidad

Estas páginas constituyen las Memorias del V Congreso Internacional de Etnografía y Educación. Prácticas educativas, pedagogía e interculturalidad (2020) convocado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana del Ecuador. En el Congreso participaron investigadores, docentes y estudiantes de México, Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, Antillas, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Italia, Francia y España con ponencias sobre tres ejes temáticos: Educación, sociedad y política; Escuela, diversidades y exclusiones; y Avances teóricos y metodológicos de la investigación etnográfica en educación. Más de 60 trabajos que amplían las reflexiones y que abren la discusión, desde la antropología y la pedagogía, hacia la construcción de una educación intercultural